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+# Phase 38: Telegram Bridge - Research
+
+**Researched:** 2026-04-03
+**Domain:** Telegram bot integration (grammY), voice note relay (OGG/ffmpeg/Whisper), onboarding wizard step
+**Confidence:** HIGH
+
+---
+
+
+## User Constraints (from CONTEXT.md)
+
+### Locked Decisions
+- `grammy ^1.41.1` — TypeScript-native Telegram bot framework, long polling, clean file handling
+- Long polling via `bot.start()` — no public HTTPS required for Mac Mini behind NAT
+- Single bot for all agents — messages prefixed with `[AgentName]`
+- Telegram voice messages are OGG/Opus — download via `ctx.getFile()`, transcode to WAV 16kHz via ffmpeg before Whisper
+- TTS reply: synthesize via VoicePipelineService, convert WAV → OGG/Opus via ffmpeg, send via `ctx.replyWithVoice()`
+- Telegram token stored in nexus-settings.json (already in schema from Phase 36)
+- Bridge calls chatService and voicePipelineService directly (same-process, no HTTP round-trip)
+- Acknowledge updates immediately, process async to prevent Telegram resending
+- chatId → sessionId mapping: lightweight in-memory Map (single-user deployment)
+- Bridge service must be under 500 lines (TGRAM-06)
+- Onboarding BotFather setup: wizard step with guided token entry and validation
+
+### Claude's Discretion
+All implementation choices are at Claude's discretion — discuss phase was skipped per user setting.
+
+### Deferred Ideas (OUT OF SCOPE)
+None — discuss phase skipped. Per REQUIREMENTS.md out-of-scope:
+- Deep Telegram ↔ web chat session sync (requires Postgres event bus)
+- Telegram inline keyboards/threaded replies
+- Per-agent Telegram bots
+- GSD formatting in Telegram
+- Transcription editing before sending
+
+
+
+## Phase Requirements
+
+| ID | Description | Research Support |
+|----|-------------|------------------|
+| TGRAM-01 | Single Telegram bot relays text messages bidirectionally between user and agents | grammY `bot.on("message:text")` + `puterProxyService.chatStream` collector + `chatService.addMessage` |
+| TGRAM-02 | Agent replies in Telegram are prefixed with agent identity (e.g. `[PM]`, `[Engineer]`) | Resolve agent name from `agentService.list(companyId)` before each reply; prepend `[AgentName]:` |
+| TGRAM-03 | Telegram voice messages are transcribed (OGG → Whisper) and forwarded to agent as text | `ctx.getFile()` → fetch buffer → `voicePipelineService.transcodeToWav16k(buf, "ogg")` → `transcribe` |
+| TGRAM-04 | Agent responses can be sent back as Telegram voice notes (TTS → OGG) | `voicePipelineService.synthesize(text)` (returns raw PCM) → ffmpeg WAV→OGG/Opus → `ctx.replyWithVoice(new InputFile(buffer))` |
+| TGRAM-05 | Telegram bridge uses long polling (no public HTTPS required) | `bot.start()` — confirmed correct for NAT/local deployments |
+| TGRAM-06 | Telegram bridge is under 500 lines of code | Service pattern + thin relay architecture enforces this |
+| ONBRD-03 | Guided BotFather setup flow for Telegram bot token during onboarding | New `TelegramStep` component added as step 5 in `NexusOnboardingWizard.tsx`; saves via `PATCH /api/nexus/settings` |
+
+
+---
+
+## Summary
+
+Phase 38 builds a thin Telegram relay bridge that connects a user's phone to Nexus agents already running in the same process. The architecture is pure consumer — grammY handles Telegram protocol, `voicePipelineService` (shipped in Phase 36) handles all audio conversion, and `chatService` + `puterProxyService` handle message persistence and LLM generation. No new services are invented: `telegram.ts` is a factory function that wires existing services together.
+
+The critical design constraint is under-500-lines (TGRAM-06). This is achievable because the bridge does no LLM work, no audio DSP, and no session management beyond an in-memory Map. The full pipeline for a text message is: receive → persist user message → collect LLM stream → prefix with agent name → send reply. For a voice message: receive → download OGG → transcode to WAV → transcribe → relay as text → same text pipeline.
+
+The onboarding step (ONBRD-03) adds a new wizard step `TelegramStep` inserted as step 5 in `NexusOnboardingWizard.tsx` (before the existing root directory step 5, pushing it to step 6). The step guides the user through BotFather token creation, validates the token with a live API call (`bot.api.getMe()`), and saves it via the existing `PATCH /api/nexus/settings` endpoint.
+
+**Primary recommendation:** Build in two plans — (1) `telegram.ts` service + `app.ts` wiring for text relay (TGRAM-01, TGRAM-02, TGRAM-05, TGRAM-06), (2) voice relay extension + TGRAM-03/TGRAM-04, then (3) onboarding wizard step (ONBRD-03).
+
+---
+
+## Standard Stack
+
+### Core
+| Library | Version | Purpose | Why Standard |
+|---------|---------|---------|--------------|
+| grammy | ^1.42.0 | Telegram Bot API framework | TypeScript-native, long polling, `ctx.getFile()`, `InputFile` buffer upload, Bot API 9.6; 1.4M weekly downloads; verified current 2026-04-03 |
+| ffmpeg-static | ^5.3.0 | FFmpeg binary (already installed) | Ships FFmpeg 6.1.1 macOS arm64 binary; already in `server/package.json`; used by `voicePipelineService` |
+
+### Supporting
+| Library | Version | Purpose | When to Use |
+|---------|---------|---------|-------------|
+| node:child_process spawn | built-in | WAV → OGG/Opus transcoding | Only for voice reply path (TGRAM-04); same pattern as `voicePipelineService.transcodeToWav16k` |
+
+### Alternatives Considered
+| Instead of | Could Use | Tradeoff |
+|------------|-----------|----------|
+| grammy | Telegraf | Telegraf is older (800K weekly vs 1.4M), less TypeScript-native, grammY has cleaner file API |
+| in-memory Map | grammY session storage | grammY session plugin adds `@grammyjs/storage-*` deps; Map is correct for single-user deployment |
+| in-memory Map | grammY conversations plugin | Conversation plugin is stateful multi-turn; not needed for thin relay pattern |
+
+**Installation:**
+```bash
+cd server && pnpm add grammy
+```
+
+**Version verification:** `npm view grammy version` → `1.42.0` (verified 2026-04-03)
+
+---
+
+## Architecture Patterns
+
+### Recommended File Structure
+```
+server/src/services/
+├── telegram.ts # NEW: grammY bot lifecycle + relay logic (< 500 lines)
+server/src/routes/
+├── telegram.ts # NEW: POST /api/telegram/token, GET /api/telegram/status
+ui/src/components/onboarding/
+├── TelegramStep.tsx # NEW: BotFather guided step with token validation
+ui/src/components/
+├── NexusOnboardingWizard.tsx # MODIFY: insert TelegramStep as step 5, shift root-dir to step 6, summary to step 7
+```
+
+### Pattern 1: Bot Lifecycle (Factory Function)
+**What:** `telegramService(db)` returns `{ start, stop, isRunning }`. Called from `app.ts` after settings are loaded. Uses existing factory-function service pattern.
+**When to use:** Always — matches all other services in `server/src/services/`.
+
+```typescript
+// Source: grammy.dev/guide/getting-started (verified 2026-04-03)
+import { Bot, InputFile } from "grammy";
+
+export function telegramService(db: Db) {
+ let bot: Bot | null = null;
+
+ async function start(token: string) {
+ bot = new Bot(token);
+ bot.catch((err) => logger.error({ err }, "Telegram bot error"));
+ registerHandlers(bot, db);
+ bot.start(); // non-blocking — returns Promise that never resolves until stopped
+ }
+
+ async function stop() {
+ await bot?.stop();
+ bot = null;
+ }
+
+ function isRunning() { return bot !== null; }
+
+ return { start, stop, isRunning };
+}
+```
+
+### Pattern 2: Text Message Handler
+**What:** On `message:text`, persist user message, collect full LLM stream, prefix with `[AgentName]`, send reply.
+**Key detail:** The Telegram bridge cannot use SSE streaming. Must collect all tokens from `puterProxyService.chatStream` into a full string before sending. This is the only place in the codebase where we consume an async generator to collect a full response.
+
+```typescript
+// Source: grammy.dev guide + codebase chat.ts pattern
+bot.on("message:text", async (ctx) => {
+ const chatId = ctx.chat.id;
+ const conversationId = await getOrCreateConversation(chatId, db);
+
+ // Acknowledge immediately — Telegram resends if no response within ~15s
+ await ctx.react("👍").catch(() => {}); // optional status feedback
+
+ try {
+ const userText = ctx.message.text;
+ await chatSvc.addMessage(conversationId, { role: "user", content: userText });
+
+ const { agentName, agentId } = await resolveAgent(db, chatId);
+ const messages = await buildMessagesArray(conversationId, userText, chatSvc);
+
+ let fullResponse = "";
+ const stream = puterProxy.chatStream(companyId, agentId, messages, undefined, undefined);
+ for await (const token of stream) {
+ fullResponse += token;
+ }
+ const reply = `[${agentName}]: ${fullResponse.trim()}`;
+
+ await chatSvc.addMessage(conversationId, {
+ role: "assistant",
+ content: fullResponse.trim(),
+ agentId,
+ });
+ await ctx.reply(reply, { parse_mode: "Markdown" });
+ } catch (err) {
+ await ctx.reply("Sorry, something went wrong.").catch(() => {});
+ }
+});
+```
+
+### Pattern 3: Voice Message Handler (Async — Acknowledge First)
+**What:** On `message:voice`, immediately send "Transcribing..." status, then process OGG download → WAV transcode → transcribe → relay as text message.
+**Critical:** The download + transcode + Whisper pipeline takes 2–5 seconds. If the handler does not return quickly, Telegram resends the update and the bot processes the same voice message multiple times.
+
+```typescript
+// Source: grammy.dev/guide/files (verified 2026-04-03)
+bot.on("message:voice", async (ctx) => {
+ const chatId = ctx.chat.id;
+ await ctx.reply("Transcribing...").catch(() => {});
+
+ // Do NOT await the heavy pipeline — process async
+ processVoiceMessage(ctx, chatId, db).catch((err) =>
+ ctx.reply("Voice transcription failed.").catch(() => {})
+ );
+});
+
+async function processVoiceMessage(ctx, chatId, db) {
+ const file = await ctx.getFile();
+ // Construct download URL manually (files plugin not needed)
+ const token = (ctx.api as any).token as string;
+ const url = `https://api.telegram.org/file/bot${token}/${file.file_path}`;
+ const response = await fetch(url);
+ const arrayBuffer = await response.arrayBuffer();
+ const oggBuffer = Buffer.from(arrayBuffer);
+
+ const { text } = await voiceSvc.transcribe(oggBuffer, "ogg");
+ // ... then relay as text (same pipeline as Pattern 2, starting from user message)
+}
+```
+
+### Pattern 4: WAV → OGG/Opus Transcoding (for TTS reply, TGRAM-04)
+**What:** `voicePipelineService.synthesize()` returns raw PCM (no WAV header). For Telegram voice notes, must produce OGG/Opus. Use same ffmpeg-static spawn pattern as `transcodeToWav16k`, but with different args.
+**Telegram requirement:** OGG Opus, 48kHz, mono (Bot API sendVoice spec).
+
+```typescript
+// Source: Telegram Bot API docs + ffmpeg pattern from voice-pipeline.ts
+async function transcodeToOggOpus(rawPcmBuffer: Buffer): Promise {
+ return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
+ // Input: raw PCM s16le 22050Hz (Piper default output)
+ // Output: OGG Opus 48kHz for Telegram
+ const ffmpeg = spawn(ffmpegBin, [
+ "-f", "s16le", "-ar", "22050", "-ac", "1", "-i", "pipe:0",
+ "-c:a", "libopus", "-ar", "48000", "-f", "ogg", "pipe:1"
+ ], { stdio: ["pipe", "pipe", "pipe"] });
+
+ const chunks: Buffer[] = [];
+ ffmpeg.stdout.on("data", (chunk: Buffer) => chunks.push(chunk));
+ ffmpeg.stderr.on("data", () => {}); // discard
+ ffmpeg.on("close", (code) => {
+ code === 0 ? resolve(Buffer.concat(chunks)) : reject(new Error(`ffmpeg exited ${code}`));
+ });
+ ffmpeg.on("error", reject);
+ ffmpeg.stdin.write(rawPcmBuffer);
+ ffmpeg.stdin.end();
+ });
+}
+```
+
+**Note on Piper output format:** Piper `--output-raw` produces raw s16le PCM. The sample rate depends on the voice model — `en_US-lessac-medium` outputs 22050Hz. Verify with `piper --help` or model metadata. The ffmpeg `-ar 22050` input flag must match.
+
+### Pattern 5: chatId → conversationId Mapping
+**What:** Persistent in-memory Map. Single-user deployment means no persistence across server restarts is needed. Each `chatId` gets one conversation per agent.
+
+```typescript
+// chatId:agentId → conversationId
+const sessionMap = new Map();
+
+async function getOrCreateConversation(chatId: number, agentId: string, db: Db): Promise {
+ const key = `${chatId}:${agentId}`;
+ if (sessionMap.has(key)) return sessionMap.get(key)!;
+
+ const company = await getFirstCompany(db); // companyService(db).list()[0]
+ const conv = await chatSvc.createConversation(company.id, {
+ title: `Telegram:${chatId}`,
+ agentId,
+ });
+ sessionMap.set(key, conv.id);
+ return conv.id;
+}
+```
+
+### Pattern 6: app.ts Integration
+**What:** After `createApp`, read settings and conditionally start telegram service. The `telegramService` is not mounted as an Express route — it runs as a side-effect process.
+
+```typescript
+// In server/src/index.ts or app startup (after createApp resolves)
+const settings = await nexusSettingsService().get();
+const tg = telegramService(db);
+if (settings.telegramToken) {
+ await tg.start(settings.telegramToken);
+}
+
+// Also expose management endpoints via Express:
+// POST /api/telegram/token — saves token and (re)starts bot
+// GET /api/telegram/status — returns { running: boolean }
+```
+
+### Pattern 7: Onboarding TelegramStep Component
+**What:** New step inserted as step 5 in `NexusOnboardingWizard.tsx` (after VoiceStep at step 4). Shows instructions for creating a bot via BotFather, provides a token input field, validates the token with `GET https://api.telegram.org/bot/getMe` (or via server endpoint), saves via `PATCH /api/nexus/settings`.
+
+```typescript
+// ui/src/components/onboarding/TelegramStep.tsx
+interface TelegramStepProps {
+ onSave: (token: string) => void;
+ onSkip: () => void;
+}
+// Validation: call POST /api/telegram/token with the token
+// Server validates via bot.api.getMe() before saving
+// On success: show bot username, enable Continue button
+```
+
+### Anti-Patterns to Avoid
+- **Awaiting the full pipeline synchronously in the voice handler:** Telegram will resend the update if the handler takes >15 seconds. Always fire-and-forget heavy processing, sending an intermediate status message.
+- **Using `exec` instead of `spawn` for ffmpeg:** `exec` buffers stdout — for large OGG files this causes memory spikes and truncation. Always use `spawn` with streaming pipes.
+- **Polling `bot.start()` after `await`:** `bot.start()` returns a Promise that never resolves except on stop. Never `await` it at the top level — call it non-blocking.
+- **Hardcoding `22050` for Piper sample rate without checking the model:** Different Piper voice models have different sample rates. Read from model metadata or confirm with `--output-file /dev/stdout | soxi -r` at startup.
+- **Calling `ctx.getFile()` and constructing the download URL with string interpolation from `ctx.msg.voice.file_id`:** `ctx.getFile()` returns a `File` object with `file_path`; the download URL is `https://api.telegram.org/file/bot{TOKEN}/{file_path}`, NOT constructed from `file_id`.
+
+---
+
+## Don't Hand-Roll
+
+| Problem | Don't Build | Use Instead | Why |
+|---------|-------------|-------------|-----|
+| Telegram Bot API protocol | Custom HTTP polling loop | `grammy Bot.start()` | Handles getUpdates loop, retry, graceful shutdown, error isolation |
+| File download from Telegram | Custom URL construction + retry | `ctx.getFile()` + fetch | `ctx.getFile()` handles file_path resolution; file_path URLs are temporarily valid |
+| OGG audio parsing | Custom OGG/Opus demuxer | ffmpeg-static (already installed) | OGG/Opus has multiple container/codec variants; ffmpeg handles all |
+| Token validation | Manually calling Bot API | `new Bot(token).api.getMe()` | Single call returns bot info or throws on invalid token |
+| Session management | Custom SQLite session store | In-memory Map | Single-user deployment; restarts are rare; Map is idiomatic for this |
+
+**Key insight:** The Telegram bridge is a relay, not a platform. Every non-trivial problem (audio, LLM, persistence) is already solved by existing services.
+
+---
+
+## Common Pitfalls
+
+### Pitfall 1: Telegram Resending Voice Updates (Async Pipeline)
+**What goes wrong:** Handler downloads OGG + calls ffmpeg + runs Whisper. This takes 3–8 seconds. Telegram's getUpdates loop sees no acknowledgement and resends the same update. Bot processes the same voice note 2–3 times, sending duplicate replies.
+**Why it happens:** grammY's long polling acknowledges updates when `getUpdates` is called with the next `offset`. If the handler blocks the loop (sequential processing), the offset isn't advanced until the handler completes.
+**How to avoid:** Fire off the heavy pipeline as a detached async task (do NOT await it in the handler body). Send an immediate "Transcribing..." reply so the user gets feedback. The handler returns immediately; offset advances; Telegram does not resend.
+**Warning signs:** Duplicate replies for voice messages; "Transcribing..." appearing twice.
+
+### Pitfall 2: Piper Output Sample Rate Mismatch
+**What goes wrong:** `synthesize()` returns raw s16le PCM from Piper `--output-raw`. ffmpeg is invoked with `-ar 22050` (assumed). If the voice model outputs 16000Hz or 44100Hz, the OGG will be pitched wrong or malformed.
+**Why it happens:** Piper model sample rates vary by model. `en_US-lessac-medium` is 22050Hz, but `en_US-amy-low` is 16000Hz.
+**How to avoid:** At service startup, run `piper --model --output-raw < /dev/null 2>&1 | grep "sample rate"` or read the `.onnx.json` model config to get `audio.sample_rate`. Use that value in the ffmpeg `-ar` flag.
+**Warning signs:** Voice messages play back at wrong pitch; ffmpeg exits with "Invalid data found when processing input".
+
+### Pitfall 3: Long Message Truncation in Telegram
+**What goes wrong:** Telegram has a 4096-character limit per message. LLM responses on complex topics can exceed this. `ctx.reply()` throws with "Bad Request: message is too long".
+**Why it happens:** Telegram Bot API hard limit.
+**How to avoid:** Split responses at 4000 chars (buffer for prefix): `const chunks = splitAt4000(reply); for (const chunk of chunks) await ctx.reply(chunk)`.
+**Warning signs:** Error thrown on long agent replies; bot crashes without error handler.
+
+### Pitfall 4: Webhook Conflict Blocking Long Polling
+**What goes wrong:** `bot.start()` throws "Conflict: can't use getUpdates method while webhook is active; use deleteWebhook to delete the webhook first".
+**Why it happens:** If the bot token was ever configured with a webhook (e.g. during testing), the webhook remains registered and blocks long polling.
+**How to avoid:** Before `bot.start()`, always call `await bot.api.deleteWebhook()`. grammY may do this automatically in some versions — add it explicitly to be safe.
+**Warning signs:** `bot.start()` throws Conflict error immediately on startup.
+
+### Pitfall 5: `bot.start()` Crash Kills Express Process
+**What goes wrong:** An unhandled error in a grammY middleware crashes the Node process. Express server goes down.
+**Why it happens:** grammY wraps handlers but unhandled promise rejections outside handlers can propagate.
+**How to avoid:** Always call `bot.catch((err) => logger.error(err, "Telegram bot error"))` before `bot.start()`. Wrap the `start()` call in try/catch.
+**Warning signs:** Express server exits unexpectedly; Telegram bot stops responding.
+
+### Pitfall 6: Missing Agent for Telegram Conversation
+**What goes wrong:** Company exists but has no agents (was reset, or agents were deleted). `agentService.list(companyId)` returns `[]`. Bot crashes trying to access `agents[0].name`.
+**Why it happens:** Edge case in single-user setup; agents can be deleted via UI.
+**How to avoid:** If `agents.length === 0`, reply with "No agents configured — please set up an agent in the Nexus dashboard." and return.
+**Warning signs:** NullPointerError or "Cannot read properties of undefined" on agent name access.
+
+---
+
+## Code Examples
+
+### Complete telegramService skeleton (verified patterns)
+```typescript
+// server/src/services/telegram.ts
+// Source: grammy.dev guide + codebase patterns from voice-pipeline.ts, chat.ts
+import { Bot, InputFile } from "grammy";
+import type { Db } from "@paperclipai/db";
+import { chatService } from "./chat.js";
+import { agentService } from "./agents.js";
+import { companyService } from "./companies.js";
+import { puterProxyService } from "./puter-proxy.js";
+import { voicePipelineService } from "./voice-pipeline.js";
+
+export function telegramService(db: Db) {
+ let bot: Bot | null = null;
+ const sessionMap = new Map(); // `${chatId}:${agentId}` → conversationId
+
+ // ... handler registration, start/stop, etc.
+ return { start, stop, isRunning };
+}
+```
+
+### Token validation endpoint
+```typescript
+// server/src/routes/telegram.ts
+router.post("/telegram/token", async (req, res) => {
+ assertBoard(req);
+ const { token } = req.body as { token?: string };
+ if (!token) { res.status(400).json({ error: "token required" }); return; }
+
+ // Validate token with Telegram
+ const testBot = new Bot(token);
+ const me = await testBot.api.getMe(); // throws on invalid token
+
+ // Save to nexus-settings
+ await nexusSettingsService().set({ telegramToken: token });
+
+ // (Re)start telegram service if already initialized
+ // ...
+
+ res.json({ ok: true, botUsername: me.username });
+});
+```
+
+### TelegramStep onboarding component structure
+```typescript
+// ui/src/components/onboarding/TelegramStep.tsx
+export function TelegramStep({ onSave, onSkip }: TelegramStepProps) {
+ const [token, setToken] = useState("");
+ const [validating, setValidating] = useState(false);
+ const [botUsername, setBotUsername] = useState(null);
+ const [error, setError] = useState(null);
+
+ async function handleValidate() {
+ setValidating(true);
+ setError(null);
+ try {
+ const res = await fetch("/api/telegram/token", {
+ method: "POST",
+ headers: { "Content-Type": "application/json" },
+ body: JSON.stringify({ token }),
+ });
+ const data = await res.json();
+ if (!res.ok) throw new Error(data.error);
+ setBotUsername(data.botUsername);
+ } catch (e) {
+ setError(e instanceof Error ? e.message : "Invalid token");
+ } finally {
+ setValidating(false);
+ }
+ }
+ // ... render: BotFather instructions + input + validate button + success state
+}
+```
+
+---
+
+## Codebase Integration Map
+
+### Files to Create
+| File | Purpose |
+|------|---------|
+| `server/src/services/telegram.ts` | grammY bot lifecycle + all relay handlers |
+| `server/src/routes/telegram.ts` | `POST /api/telegram/token`, `GET /api/telegram/status` |
+| `ui/src/components/onboarding/TelegramStep.tsx` | BotFather guided token entry step |
+
+### Files to Modify
+| File | Change |
+|------|--------|
+| `server/src/app.ts` | Import and mount `telegramRoutes()`; export `telegramService` reference |
+| `server/src/index.ts` (or startup entry) | Read `telegramToken` from settings on startup; call `tg.start(token)` if present |
+| `ui/src/components/NexusOnboardingWizard.tsx` | Insert `TelegramStep` as step 5; shift current step 5 (root dir) → step 6; shift step 6 (summary) → step 7; update step counter label |
+
+### Key Service Dependencies (all already exist)
+| Service | Method Used | From |
+|---------|------------|------|
+| `chatService(db)` | `createConversation`, `addMessage`, `listMessages` | `server/src/services/chat.ts` |
+| `agentService(db)` | `list(companyId)` | `server/src/services/agents.ts` |
+| `companyService(db)` | `list()` | `server/src/services/companies.ts` |
+| `puterProxyService(db)` | `chatStream(companyId, agentId, messages)` | `server/src/services/puter-proxy.ts` |
+| `voicePipelineService()` | `transcribe(buf, "ogg")`, `synthesize(text)`, `transcodeToWav16k` | `server/src/services/voice-pipeline.ts` |
+| `nexusSettingsService()` | `get()`, `set({ telegramToken })` | `server/src/services/nexus-settings.ts` |
+
+---
+
+## State of the Art
+
+| Old Approach | Current Approach | When Changed | Impact |
+|--------------|------------------|--------------|--------|
+| Telegraf (older grammY predecessor) | grammY 1.42 | grammY introduced ~2021, now dominant | TypeScript-first, cleaner `ctx.getFile()`, Bot API 9.6 support |
+| Webhooks for all deployments | Long polling for local/NAT | N/A — always deployment-specific | Mac Mini behind NAT → long polling is the only workable option |
+| Custom ffmpeg binary download | ffmpeg-static package | ~2019 | Already installed; no PATH issues in service environment |
+
+**Deprecated/outdated:**
+- Telegraf: still maintained but grammY has overtaken it; ecosystem (plugins, docs) is grammY-centric as of 2025
+- fluent-ffmpeg: archived May 2025 — use `child_process.spawn` with ffmpeg-static path directly
+
+---
+
+## Open Questions
+
+1. **Piper output sample rate for voice model**
+ - What we know: `en_US-lessac-medium` likely outputs 22050Hz (common for medium models)
+ - What's unclear: Exact sample rate not verified from installed model metadata
+ - Recommendation: At service startup, read `/path/to/en_US-lessac-medium.onnx.json` and extract `audio.sample_rate`. Use that value for ffmpeg WAV→OGG transcode.
+
+2. **`puterProxyService` — handling missing token for Telegram**
+ - What we know: `puterProxyService.chatStream` throws `unprocessable("Puter auth token not configured")` if no token
+ - What's unclear: Should the bot reply "AI not configured" or silently fall back to `chatService.streamEcho`?
+ - Recommendation: Reply with a user-friendly message: "AI provider not configured. Please connect a provider in the Nexus dashboard." This matches the existing UI behavior.
+
+3. **grammY concurrent update processing**
+ - What we know: `bot.start()` processes updates sequentially by default ("processes all updates sequentially" per docs)
+ - What's unclear: If two voice messages arrive simultaneously, does the second queue or get dropped?
+ - Recommendation: Sequential processing is acceptable for single-user deployment. If concurrent voice processing is needed, grammY's `runner` plugin adds parallelism — defer to future phase.
+
+---
+
+## Environment Availability
+
+| Dependency | Required By | Available | Version | Fallback |
+|------------|------------|-----------|---------|----------|
+| ffmpeg-static binary | Voice transcoding (TGRAM-03, TGRAM-04) | ✓ | 5.3.0 (binary at node_modules/ffmpeg-static/ffmpeg) | — |
+| grammy | Telegram protocol | ✗ (not yet installed) | — | Install: `pnpm add grammy` in server/ |
+| whisper / whisper-cpp | Voice transcription (TGRAM-03) | ✗ (not in PATH) | — | Runtime error with user-friendly message if not installed |
+| piper | TTS voice reply (TGRAM-04) | ✗ (not in PATH) | — | Skip voice reply; text-only reply is acceptable fallback |
+| Telegram Bot token | All TGRAM-* requirements | ✗ (not configured yet) | — | ONBRD-03 provides the setup flow |
+
+**Missing dependencies with no fallback:**
+- `grammy` package — must be installed (`pnpm add grammy` in server/) before any code can run
+
+**Missing dependencies with fallback:**
+- `whisper`/`whisper-cpp` — voice transcription unavailable; bot replies "Voice transcription not available on this server."
+- `piper` — TTS reply unavailable; bot sends text-only reply (TGRAM-04 feature gracefully degrades)
+
+---
+
+## Validation Architecture
+
+### Test Framework
+| Property | Value |
+|----------|-------|
+| Framework | vitest (workspace config at `/opt/nexus/vitest.config.ts`) |
+| Config file | `server/vitest.config.ts` — `environment: "node"` |
+| Quick run command | `pnpm --filter @paperclipai/server test run src/__tests__/38-telegram*.test.ts` |
+| Full suite command | `pnpm test:run` |
+
+### Phase Requirements → Test Map
+| Req ID | Behavior | Test Type | Automated Command | File Exists? |
+|--------|----------|-----------|-------------------|-------------|
+| TGRAM-01 | Text message relay: user message persisted, LLM stream collected, reply sent | unit | `pnpm --filter @paperclipai/server test run src/__tests__/38-telegram-text.test.ts` | ❌ Wave 0 |
+| TGRAM-02 | Agent prefix: reply starts with `[AgentName]:` | unit (co-located with TGRAM-01) | same file | ❌ Wave 0 |
+| TGRAM-03 | Voice transcription: OGG buffer → transcribe called with `"ogg"` format | unit | `pnpm --filter @paperclipai/server test run src/__tests__/38-telegram-voice.test.ts` | ❌ Wave 0 |
+| TGRAM-04 | TTS reply: synthesize called, OGG transcoding produces buffer, replyWithVoice called | unit (co-located with TGRAM-03) | same file | ❌ Wave 0 |
+| TGRAM-05 | Long polling: `bot.start()` called (not `bot.setWebhook`) | unit | same as TGRAM-01 file | ❌ Wave 0 |
+| TGRAM-06 | Line count: telegram.ts under 500 lines | static check | `wc -l server/src/services/telegram.ts` in CI | manual |
+| ONBRD-03 | Token validation endpoint: invalid token → 400; valid token → saves to nexus-settings | unit | `pnpm --filter @paperclipai/server test run src/__tests__/38-telegram-routes.test.ts` | ❌ Wave 0 |
+
+**Test approach for grammY:** Mock `grammy` module with `vi.mock("grammy", ...)`. The `Bot` constructor should return a mock with spies on `on()`, `start()`, `stop()`, `api.getMe()`, `api.deleteWebhook()`. Follow the exact pattern in `36-voice-pipeline.test.ts` (mock node:child_process with EventEmitter mocks).
+
+### Sampling Rate
+- **Per task commit:** `pnpm --filter @paperclipai/server test run src/__tests__/38-telegram*.test.ts`
+- **Per wave merge:** `pnpm test:run`
+- **Phase gate:** Full suite green before `/gsd:verify-work`
+
+### Wave 0 Gaps
+- [ ] `server/src/__tests__/38-telegram-text.test.ts` — covers TGRAM-01, TGRAM-02, TGRAM-05
+- [ ] `server/src/__tests__/38-telegram-voice.test.ts` — covers TGRAM-03, TGRAM-04
+- [ ] `server/src/__tests__/38-telegram-routes.test.ts` — covers ONBRD-03 token validation endpoint
+
+---
+
+## Sources
+
+### Primary (HIGH confidence)
+- [grammY getting started guide](https://grammy.dev/guide/getting-started) — Bot constructor, bot.start(), message handlers
+- [grammY file handling guide](https://grammy.dev/guide/files) — ctx.getFile(), InputFile(buffer), download URL pattern
+- [grammY deployment types guide](https://grammy.dev/guide/deployment-types) — long polling vs webhook; sequential processing confirmation
+- [grammY bot.start() reference](https://grammy.dev/ref/core/bot#start) — PollingOptions, bot.stop(), never-resolving Promise behavior
+- Direct codebase inspection: `server/src/services/voice-pipeline.ts` — ffmpegBin, spawn pattern, transcodeToWav16k
+- Direct codebase inspection: `server/src/services/nexus-settings.ts` — telegramToken in schema
+- Direct codebase inspection: `server/src/routes/chat.ts` — stream collection pattern, agentId handling
+- Direct codebase inspection: `ui/src/components/NexusOnboardingWizard.tsx` — step flow, VoiceStep insertion pattern
+- npm registry: `npm view grammy version` → `1.42.0` (verified 2026-04-03)
+
+### Secondary (MEDIUM confidence)
+- [Telegram Bot API sendVoice](https://core.telegram.org/bots/api#sendvoice) — OGG Opus format, 48kHz requirement
+- Project research SUMMARY.md — grammY session management gap flagged, OGG → WAV transcode pattern
+- `.planning/STATE.md` — grammY session decision (in-memory Map), 500-line constraint, long polling decision
+
+### Tertiary (LOW confidence — inferred)
+- Piper `en_US-lessac-medium` sample rate = 22050Hz — inferred from common Piper model metadata; verify at implementation time from `.onnx.json`
+- grammY sequential update processing detail — confirmed via deployment guide but exact timeout behavior not benchmarked
+
+---
+
+## Metadata
+
+**Confidence breakdown:**
+- Standard stack: HIGH — grammy 1.42.0 verified on npm registry 2026-04-03; ffmpeg-static already installed
+- Architecture: HIGH — based on direct codebase inspection of all integration points; factory function pattern matches all existing services
+- Pitfalls: HIGH — sourced from SUMMARY.md pre-research + Telegram Bot API docs; all 6 pitfalls are specific and actionable
+- Test approach: HIGH — vitest pattern matches 36-voice-pipeline.test.ts exactly; grammY mock strategy follows existing child_process mock pattern
+
+**Research date:** 2026-04-03
+**Valid until:** 2026-05-03 (grammy releases frequently; re-verify version before install if > 30 days elapsed)